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+====== Game Design Patterns ontology ======
+If you would like to use the ontology for your research, please contact [[bgc@agh.edu.pl|Barbara Giżycka]].
+==== Based on "Patterns In Game Design" handbook by Staffan Bjork and Jussi Holopainen ====
+[[https://drive.google.com/open?id=1iLQ-plTexMF6lNwbqQtngNK81kTU3gfp|Ontology in .OWL]]
+===== Description =====
+Ontology has only one class: **GDP** (**G**ame **D**esign **P**attern). All patterns are instances of this class.
+Following properties are used in ontology:
+  * **rdfs:label** -- name of the pattern
+  * **rdfs:comment** -- description of the pattern
+  * **:example** -- usage of the pattern taken from real game
+  * **:instantiated_by**, **:instantiates** -- relations between two patterns
+  * **:modulated_by**, **:modulates** -- relations between two patterns
+  * **:potentially_conflicting_with** -- relations between two patterns
+=====  Use Cases =====
+=====  UC.1. Check for conflicts in given set of patterns =====
+List of patterns to check have to be specified in IN() clauses. It must be given twice (for `?subject` and for `?object`).
+==== Query 1.A ====
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+ASK {
+    ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object .
+    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment) )
+    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment) )
+}
+</code>
+**Result:** *TRUE* *(= Yes, there are conflicts in given set)*
+To see actual conflicts, change `ASK` into `SELECT *`}
+==== Query 1.B ====
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+ASK {
+    ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object .
+    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
+    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
+}
+</code>
+**Result:** *FALSE* *(= No, there are no conflicts in given set)*
+===== UC.2. Check for conflicts in given set of patterns (using `instantiated_by` relation) =====
+==== Query 2.A ====
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+ASK {
+    {
+        ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by  ?instantiated_by_object .
+        ?instantiated_by_object  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object
+    } UNION {
+        ?subject  gdp:potentially_conflicting_with  ?object
+    }
+    FILTER(?subject  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
+    FILTER(?instantiated_by_object  NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
+    FILTER(?object  IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:self-facilitated_games, gdp:ability_losses) )
+}
+</code>
+**Result:** *TRUE* *(= Yes, there are conflicts in given set)*
+===== UC.3. Select all items that are in given relation with our set of patterns =====
+==== Query 3.A `instantiates` ====
+Note: The query is looking for everything that is in the `instantiates` relationship. But for us enough is just one such thing for each of our patterns.
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+SELECT ?subject
+WHERE {
+    ?subject  gdp:instantiates  ?object.
+    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+}
+GROUP BY (?subject)
+</code>
+==== Query 3.B other relations ====
+Note: as above...
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+SELECT ?subject
+WHERE {
+    ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?object.
+    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+}
+GROUP BY (?subject)
+</code>
+==== Query 3.C other relations AND checked in two ways (?sub ?rel ?obj AND ?obj ?rel ?subj) ====
+Note: as above...
+<code>
+PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
+PREFIX owl: <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#>
+PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
+PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
+PREFIX gdp: <https://geist.re/gdp#>
+SELECT ?subject
+WHERE {
+    {
+        ?subject  gdp:instantiated_by | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?object.
+    } UNION {
+        ?object  gdp:instantiates | gdp:modulated_by | gdp:modulates  ?subject.
+    }
+    FILTER( ?object IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+    FILTER( ?subject NOT IN(gdp:conflict, gdp:uncertainty_of_information, gdp:alignment, gdp:preventing_goals) )
+}
+GROUP BY (?subject)
+</code>